Infectious diseases and colonization.
Sorry, I don't have an answer more specifc than that.
The command economy is controlled by a central force like the government. Market economies are controlled by market forces
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A) Did not allow them to settle west of the Appalachian mountains.
This is was signed in to prevent wars and to stop attacks on colonists.
This depends greatly on the time period in question, but during the Enlightenment, many Europeans believed "the citizens" were in charge of all things including governmental systems.