Answer:
Aerobic respiration is a process glucose produces energy in the presence of oxygen. In this process glucose is oxidized to produce carbon dioxide, water and energy in the form of ATP.
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ = 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy (ATP)
Three main processes that make up aerobic respiration are:
1. Glycolysis: it takes place in the cytosol of the cell. Here, glucose is oxidized to form three carbon molecule pyruvate. This process produces energy in the form of 2 ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecules. These NADH molecules carries 2 energy electrons these electrons are utilized by the electron transport chain.
2. Kreb's cycle: it takes place in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of the cell. Here, the molecules of pyruvate produced during glycolysis is utilized to produce ATP.
3. Electron transport chain: glucose is not entirely converted into ATP. The NADH molecules produce during glycolysis produces 2 energy electrons these electrons are taken up by electron transport chain in the mitochondria inner matrix. A proton gradient develops across the matrix after donation of electrons to electron transport chain. This gradient in turn produces energy in the form of ATP.
A. Sharks store enough urea to match the total solute concentration of the surrounding seawater
Answer:
C. is unstable, with a short half life
Explanation:
Paracrine hormones are the hormones that act on neighboring cells only. These hormones or chemicals are largely unstable and have a brief life as do not visit the distantly placed target cells. For instance, somatostatin is secreted by D cells of the pancreas. It acts in a paracrine manner and inhibits the discharge of hormones from the neighboring beta and alpha cell.
Likewise, one of the functions of unstable NO gas is to serve as a vasodilator. It is released by epithelium cells and serves to dilate arterioles and relax precapillary sphincters. Then it is degraded.
Explanation:
Option D is the correct option.
