I see pictures above , what do you exactly need help with?
2. Antigen
Toxins
3. Some bacterial infections
Viral
4. Innate immune system
5. Adaptive
6. Leukocytes
7. Humoral response
Cell mediated response
8. B cells
T cells
9. Helper T cell
Cytotoxic T cell
10. Antibody production.
<h2>Ur Answer:-</h2>
The cambial ring becomes active and starts cutting off new cells; both on the inner and the outer sides. The cells which are cut off towards the pith mature into secondary xylem. The cells which are cut off towards the periphery mature into secondary phloem.
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In the Scientific name, first word represents "Genus" and as they are same it indicates that their Genus are same
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Answer:
He should get his mitochondrial haplotype sequenced, given the genetic variation in mitochondrial sequences compared to Y chromosomes.
Explanation:
- Mitochondrial DNA haplotypes are specific regions of mitochondrial DNA that cluster with other mitochondrial sequences to show the phylogenetic origins of maternal lineages.
- Mitochondrial DNA haplotypes are associated with a range of phenotypes and disease.
- Mitochondrial DNA contains 37 genes, all of which are essential for normal mitochondrial function.
- Thirteen of these genes provide instructions for making enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation.