The important thing to identify the degrees of lightness to darkness in each level.
Hope this helps you.
Answer:
When the patch occupancy rate (c) equals the patch extinction rate (e), patch occupancy (P) is 0
Explanation:
According to Levin's model (1969):
<em>dP/dt = c - e</em>
where P represents the proportion of occupied patches.
<em>c</em><em> </em>and <em>e </em>are the local immigration and extinction probabilities per patch.
Thus, the rate of change of P, written as dP/dt, tells you whether P will increase, decrease or stay the same:
- if dP/dt >0, then P is increasing with time
- if dP/dt <0, then P is decreasing with time
- if dP/dt = 0, then P is remaining the same with time.
The rate dP/dt is calculated by the difference between colonization or occupancy rate (<em>c</em>) and extinction rate (<em>e</em>).
c is then calculated as the number of successful colonizations of unoccupied patches as a proportion of all available patches, while e is the proportion of patches becoming empty. Notice that P can range between 0 and 1.
As a result, if the patch occupancy rate (c) equals the patch extinction rate (e), then patch occupancy P equals to 0.
Local wind patterns and global wind patterns are main causes for cyclonic storms.
<u>Explanation</u>:
Tornadoes are formed over the land, while hurricanes are formed on the water. Hurricanes are formed as of a storm in a tropical area or warm area, on the other hand hurricanes are formed due to different situations in various places. When large masses of air of different temperature and densities meet together, cyclone storms are caused. As the lower density air mass rises and the cooler descents, what is formed is called a weather front, and the coriolis effect makes the front to start spinning and form a funnel. The biggest fuel system is water vapor from the oceans in a tropical storm. The water releases heat and surrounds the air as the water vapor rises and condenses, causing a low pressure, hence the cooler air masses moves to the region with low pressure as the warm air goes up. The spiral begins and a tropical storm is formed. This is how local and global wind patterns affects the formation of tornadoes and hurricanes.
C.just leave the relationship alone
