They are openings or splits in the upper lip, the top of the mouth which is the palate. Cleft lip and palate result of when a facial structures are developing in an unborn baby that doesn't close completely. which is a common birth defect.
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The ordinary work of Sigmund Freud affected the lives of ordinary people in the 20th century because it encouraged people to search for the hidden reasons for their actions. The correct answer is A.