An ion (hydrogen ions, H⁺) gradient has potential energy which can be used for making ATP. Because of the proton gradient, H⁺ will diffuse from an area with higher proton concentration to an area with lower proton concentration. ATP synthase is the enzyme which allows protons to pass through the membrane and uses the free energy difference to convert ADP into ATP.
The p<span>roton gradient is made by electron transport chain which pumps H</span>⁺<span>.</span>
The answer is D) codes for a specific trait . Hopefully its right.
D. A plant using sunlight to make good
The answer is chloroplasts and mitochondria.
<span>When solar energy in the form of sunlight reaches a leaf of a plant, it passes through the leaf to chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain pigment chlorophyll which is excited by light. As the result, </span>a series of chemical reactions occur in the chloroplasts and carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose and oxygen. Now, glucose is broken down and transported into mitochondria where through different processes (Krebs cycle and electron transport chain) energy is produced in the form of ATP.<span>
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