In order to first understand the reasons for passage of the Homestead act of 1862 it is important to also understand the historical contex. - During this time the United States felt they were Destined By God ( divine right theory) to expand across the continent, they used this theory to justify obtaining territory that was already occupied such as the annexation of Texas. - Some other factors that caused people to move out west were the Gold Rush and Pacific Railway Act!
Now as for your questions; the Homestead Act was passed by the government and it basically said that the government would give people land to move out west( was a way to encourage westward expansion), the government felt that westward expansion was crucial for the economy ( more room and land means more markets to sell too and access to greater natural resources), It was crucial for political aspects as well( It in a sense made the government seem strong if they were able to govern over such a vast and wide range of land accordingly), and It was crucial socially as well( the Homestead act would provide a way for people to connect)
- I hope this helped! Let me know if you need any extra clarification!
These two people counter the argument that human rights and democracy are not valued by many people in the world by pointing to all the nations in which it exists.
