Answer:
C. protected property rights; were extractive and authoritarian
Explanation:
Based on the work of Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson there were different types of colonization policies which created different sets of institutions. These authors argued that the colonization path was strongly influenced by feasibility of settlements. On the one hand, tropical places where diseases were more likely and affected Europeans the most, settlers formed extractive institutions. These institutions were not designed to protect private property or provide checks and balances against government expropriation. Their main objective was to transfer as much of the resources of the colony to the colonizer. On the other hand, where climates were more moderate, settlers seek to replicate European institutions, emphasizing private property and checks and balances against government power.
Answer:
Sales Revenue – Cost of Goods Sold = gross profit
Explanation:
In order to determine the income statement components, the following component is shown
Gross profit = Sales revenue - the cost of goods sold
where,
Sales revenue represents the sales of the business organization
And, the cost of goods sold would be
= Opening inventory + Purchase - ending inventory
By deducting the cost of goods sold from the sales revenue the gross profit can arrive
Answer:
The appropriate answer is "$22,305".
Explanation:
The given values are:
Estimated uncollectible,
= $22,750
Credit balance in allowance,
= $445
Now,
The bad debt expense will be:
= 
By substituting the values, we get
= 
= 
($)
Answer:
subtracting the risk-free rate of return from the market rate of return
Explanation:
Market risk premium is the premium over the risk free rate that investors demand for holding a risky asset
Market risk premium = market rate of return - risk free rate
the higher the risk premium, the higher the return investors are demanding and the riskier the investment
for example if risk free rate is 5% , market rate of return in industry A is 10% while in industry B it is 20%
Market premium in A = 10% - 5% = 5%
Market premium in b = 20% - 5% = 15%
