During photosynthesis, solar/light energy from the sun is transformed into C6H12O6, or glucose (chemical energy). Photosynthesis is defined as the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods (glucose) from carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H20). Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen (O2) and glucose.
Answer:
True.
Explanation:
Antigen may be defined as the chemical that has the ability to evoke the and immune response and can harm the living organisms. The specific antibody are produced against the immune response.
The antigens has evolved different mechanisms to prevent themselves from them the immune system of the host. The antigenic shift is the most common change that might occur in viruses that helps the antigen to protect itself by changing its genetic material. No anti viral drugs are available for the viruses.
Thus, the answer is true.
B: They occur more quickly than reactions without enzymes
DNA replication if i am correct
Answer:
Results
We systematically analyze and compare how different modelling methodologies can be used to describe translation. We define various statistically equivalent codon-based simulation algorithms and analyze the importance of the update rule in determining the steady state, an aspect often neglected. Then a novel probabilistic Boolean network (PBN) model is proposed for modelling translation, which enjoys an exact numerical solution. This solution matches those of numerical simulation from other methods and acts as a complementary tool to analytical approximations and simulations. The advantages and limitations of various codon-based models are compared, and illustrated by examples with real biological complexities such as slow codons, premature termination and feedback regulation. Our studies reveal that while different models gives broadly similiar trends in many cases, important differences also arise and can be clearly seen, in the dependence of the translation rate on different parameters. Furthermore, the update rule affects the steady state solution.
Conclusions
The codon-based models are based on different levels of abstraction. Our analysis suggests that a multiple model approach to understanding translation allows one to ascertain which aspects of the conclusions are robust with respect to the choice of modelling methodology, and when (and why) important differences may arise. This approach also allows for an optimal use of analysis tools, which is especially important when additional complexities or regulatory mechanisms are included. This approach can provide a robust platform for dissecting translation, and results in an improved predictive framework for applications in systems and synthetic biology.
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