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Irina-Kira [14]
3 years ago
14

Una cosa objeto que es importante par ti

Social Studies
1 answer:
Kaylis [27]3 years ago
7 0

A veces hablamos de lo material con desdén y aseverando que lo importante son las personas, la relación con éstas, nosotros mismos, nuestros sentimientos, la salud. No cabe duda que esto es cierto, pero no hay duda tampoco que nuestras pequeñas posesiones albergan recuerdos, sentimientos y una historia de vida. ¿Hasta que punto son importantes? ¿Hasta que punto lo son cuando somos mayores? ¿Qué valor les otorgamos? ¿Cómo nos afecta su pérdida?

Resulta especialmente difícil escribir este post, ya que es muy escasa la bibliografía y los estudios (diría que casi ninguno) en psicología que han abordado el tema. Sin embargo, mi experiencia profesional con los mayores me dice (es intuición) que debería estudiarse este apego a los objetos: saber en qué se basa, cuál es el significado real de los objetos y qué consecuencias puede tener su pérdida. Todos somos conscientes que llegado ciertos momentos (ingreso en una residencia o un hospital, el traslado a casa de un hijo o simplemente por su extravío) tomamos decisiones que alejan a nuestros mayores de su entorno y, por tanto, de sus objetos.

Veamos… En un primer momento estaríamos hablando del apego a algo físico en contraposición al apego hacia otra persona. No obstante entre ambos tipos de apego se dan algunas similitudes:

Aparecen como una tendencia natural del ser humano a establecer vínculos afectivos.

Se manifiestan a través de una conducta de proximidad. Nos gusta estar cerca de ellos.

Se dan a lo largo de todo el ciclo vital.

Cumplen, en ambos casos, una serie de funciones simbólicas (pertenencia, identidad, relación, etc.)

En ambos se da la especificidad («Este es el mío y no quiero otro«)

En ambos intervienen las emociones (serenidad, añoranza, amor, etc.).

Pero ¿Qué funciones cumplen los objetos? ¿Para qué los queremos? Aunque la pregunta, a simple vista, parezca sencilla son múltiples y complejas las funciones que las «cosas» pueden desempeñar.

Su función utilitaria (uso) es probablemente la más evidente. Es la dimensión de herramienta que tienen todos los objetos. Pero muchas herramientas se convierten en algo inherente al propio trabajo (el bisturí para el médico, el cuchillo para el carnicero, el coche para el taxista, la pelota para el futbolista, etc.) por lo que no pueden considerarse sólo como meros medios. Son a la vez instrumento e identidad.

Como reflejo de estatus y dominio social. Hay objetos que pueden no tener un uso real pero que reflejan poder como los bastones de mando de los alcaldes, la corona de un rey, o más cercano, el mazo de un juez.

Como fuente de afecto que ayudan a satisfacer ciertas necesidades emocionales , a superar la ansiedad de la separación o la pérdida o que nos sirven de consuelo y compañía ante la añoranza o la soledad (fotos, libros, reloj o regalos realizados por personas queridas).

Objetos de dominio y control de uno mismo y del mundo que proporcionan al sujeto la sensación de control sobre su entrono (amuletos, objetos religiosos).

Objetos de identidad personal y que definen el yo. Algunos objetos, por su reiterada relación con la persona, pueden dar una idea del propio sujeto. Son parte del ella y, por tanto, pueden ayudar a recordar distintos aspectos o facetas. Permiten reconocer a la persona a través del objeto (por ejemplo: el bastón de Antonio Gala, las gafas de John Lennon). Estos objetos funcionan en las personas mayores como reforzadores, evitando en algunas ocasiones la desorientación personal.

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