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Tanya [424]
3 years ago
5

Using 4 equal-width intervals, show that the trapezoidal rule is the average of the upper and lower sum estimates for the integr

al from 0 to 2 of x squared, dx .
Mathematics
1 answer:
prisoha [69]3 years ago
4 0

Split up the interval [0, 2] into 4 subintervals, so that

[0,2]=\left[0,\dfrac12\right]\cup\left[\dfrac12,1\right]\cup\left[1,\dfrac32\right]\cup\left[\dfrac32,2\right]

Each subinterval has width \dfrac{2-0}4=\dfrac12. The area of the trapezoid constructed on each subinterval is \dfrac{f(x_i)+f(x_{i+1})}4, i.e. the average of the values of x^2 at both endpoints of the subinterval times 1/2 over each subinterval [x_i,x_{i+1}].

So,

\displaystyle\int_0^2x^2\,\mathrm dx\approx\dfrac{0^2+\left(\frac12\right)^2}4+\dfrac{\left(\frac12\right)^2+1^2}4+\dfrac{1^2+\left(\frac32\right)^2}4+\dfrac{\left(\frac32\right)^2+2^2}4

=\displaystyle\sum_{i=1}^4\frac{\left(\frac{i-1}2\right)^2+\left(\frac i2\right)^2}4=\frac{11}4

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