Commodore Matthew Perry's expedition in 1853 to Tokyo to force trade with Japan displayed the use of "gunboat diplomacy" by the united states, since the United States was threatening (by implication) to use force if diplomacy failed.
French and Indian War : The French and Indian War was fought between England and France. Reason being, they wanted control of certain lands in North America.
Stamp Act: The Stamp Act was a tax put on American colonies by the British in 1765. Taxes were put on printed materials, newspapers, magazines and legal documents. It’s basically called the Stamp Act because colonies were supposed to buy paper from Britain that had an official stamp on it that showed they had paid the tax.
Townshend Acts: Charles Townshend came up with the Townshend Acts. The Townshend Acts were laws that placed a duty/tax on certain goods imported from Great Britain. These goods included glass, tea, paint, etc.
Boston Massacre: This is marked as the first conflict between the British soldiers and colonists. Many unfair taxes were being placed against the colonists and followed by the British soldiers. There was an exchange of unpleasant words between the soldiers and colonists which left colonists being killed by the soldiers.
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The Persian Wars gave the Greeks a new feeling of confidence. The Ionian Greek cities, once subject states to the Persian king, gained their independence. The Greek world would go on to achieve great things, led by the city-state of Athens.
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B. It would increase the standard of living. Countries with higher literacy rates have higher standards of living.
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Montesquieu was a French lawyer, man of letters, and one of the most influential political philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment. His political theory work, particularly the idea of separation of powers, shaped the modern democratic government.