The national organization for women, national association for the advancement of colored people, and the Hispanic American organization are all examples of groups who are working for the rights of minorities. therefore, they are engaged in identity politics.
Identity politics refers to a group of individuals who form an organization based on a specific characteristics that they all have in common. In this case, all of the aforementioned organizations have a characteristics that unite them. For example, the National Organization of Women is an exclusive group for women to come together and discuss the changes they hope to see in society.
Identity politics allows specific groups of people to break away from normal political parties in order to narrow their focus on what changes they want for a specific demographic in America.
The best description for the tone of this excerpt would be a Formal Tone. The author of this excerpt is describing the reasons as to why the nations all over the world must stop violence and pursue a more peaceful existence. The author does this by providing educational information as to why this is fighting for peace is a worthwhile endeavor. These educational and factual passages set the tone as a formal one.
Thaddeus Stevens planned on reconstructing the nation by welcoming the newly freed slaves to be re-welcomed warmly, this time treated in a humane way and make them independent so there won't be a Civil War 2.0.
