Jayden, a therapist, is treating Kayla, who is afraid of closed spaces. Jayden trains Kayla in relaxation techniques and then as
ks her to list her fears in increasing order of severity. He asks Kayla to relax her body and think of the first situation listed in the hierarchy of her fears. Once Jayden is convinced that she is able to think of her fear in a relaxed state, he asks her to move on to the next situation, and so on. When Kayla succeeds in imagining herself in all the fear-invoking situations listed, Jayden asks her to use a crowded elevator. Identify the behavioral treatment Jayden uses in this scenario.
systematic desensitization is a form of behavioral treatment that is carried out by exposing the patients to the source of fear in a controlled manner. The intensity of the exposure usually will start really small and will be increased as the treatment goes on. Over time, the patient will be used to confronting the source of fear and the fear will eventually reduced / went away.
This can be seen in what the Therapist did to Kayla. He asked her to think about her fears and tried to relax in that situation before eventually move up to asking her to use crowded elevators to conform her fear of closed spaces.
They are both social constructs. Society is made up of many communities. Communities tend to be more homogeneous (Similar economic classes, Similar ethnicities, Similar Races, Similar religious affiliations.) Both have Alphas (leaders) and Betas( the followers).
