By the municipal charter, a city charter or similar document is granted in order to establish a city document.
A serf was a person in a condition of servitude, required to render services to a lord, commonly attached to the lord's land and transferred with it from one owner to another. So being in a serfs shoes was nearly impossible to own land. The last option is your right answer
Albert J. Beveridge (Oct 6, 1862 – April 27, 1927) was known as one of the most popular and prominent American imperialists of the early 1900s. He supported the colonization of the Philippines which he considered to be a geopolitical strategy in expanding American influence on the Pacific. Along with him, the Republican leader and fellow Henry Cabot Lodge, both campaigned for the construction of a new navy.The Philipines then became an important Imperial post for the U.S. interests on the region.
While the southern states saw it as an economic issue, the north see slavery as a : Moral Issue
At that time, the people in northern states were appalled by the treatment of the slaves that conducted by the southern states. Because of this, the civil war was initiated by the republican party from northern states in order to forever eliminate the practice of slavery.