Answer:
increase the effective interest rate of borrowing
Explanation:
Cost of debt refers to the total cost a company incurs for raising debt which includes fixed coupon rate payments to bondholders.
Cost of debt is calculated using the following formula:
wherein 
= Cost of debt
I = annual rate of coupon payment
t= tax rate
NP = Net proceeds which is par value less issue expenses
when NP is taken as the base, while calculating cost of debt, it is termed as effective interest rate.
So, bond issue costs reduce the net proceeds and thus, increase the effective interest rate of borrowing for the issuer company.
Answer:
Idea generation
Explanation:
Based on the information provided within the question it seems that the phase that is being described is the Idea generation. This phase refers to the process creating new approaches for finding solutions to existing problems or creating new ideas/products. This phase requires a lot of research, input, and data analysis from many sources in order to generate the best ideas that will make the help the company succeed.
Answer:
sole proprietorship
Explanation:
A sole proprietorship is a type of business that is owned by one person
Characteristics
1. it is owned by one person
2. the business has unlimited liability
3. the business has limited access to capital
4. the business usually lacks continuity. this type of business usually ceases to exist when the owner dies
5. the business is usually not separated from the owner
Answer:
Emerging
Explanation:
An emerging industry is a group of companies that is created around a new product or idea that is still in the early stages of development. An emerging industry consists of just a small number companies and is often centered around new technology. A example is the small wind generated power industry because wind is not a common source that is used for the generation of power.
