It magnifies light received from distant objects.
I think it was either Robert Hook or Anton Van Leevwen Hoek
1)due to it's position in the gravitational field
2)due to it's motion
The specific heat capacity of the substance is 
Explanation:
When an object of mass m is supplied with a certain amount of energy Q, its temperature increases according to the equation:

where
m is the mass of the object
is its specific heat capacity
is the increase in temperature of the object
In this problem, we have

m = 50 g

Therefore, we can solve for
to find its specific heat capacity:

Learn more about specific heat capacity:
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Lenz's Law: The polarity of the induced emf is such that it produces a current whose magnetic field opposes the change in magnetic flux through the loop.