Covalent bond is the type of bond which involves the sharing of valence electrons between two atoms.
This bond usually arises from the equal attraction of the nuclei of the two atoms for the electrons shared.
Ionic bond, on the other hand, arises due to the transfer of electrons from the valence shell of one atom to the valence shell of the other.
Answer:
<u><em>The correct answer is:</em></u><u><em> </em></u> sustainability over time with varying conditions.
Explanation:
A habitat can be defined as the physical and geographical conditions that will positively influence the development of life, in any form.
Therefore, it is correct to say that sustainability over time with favorable conditions will favor the greatness of the habitat.
Sustainability is the ability to preserve a system for the maintenance of future life, so it is ideal for there to be sustainable development across society, so that natural resources are preserved so that biodiversity continues to exist.
Radius of Xenon = 1.3Ă—10â’8 cm
Volume = 100 ml = 0.1 L
Pressure P = 1.2 atm = 121.59 Kpa
Temperature = 281 K
R = Gas Constant = 8.31 J mol^-1 K^-1
Now find the number of atoms
PV = nRT => n = PV / RT
n = (121.59 x 0.1) / (8.31 x 281) = / 2335.11 = 0.0052
Number of atoms in a mole is same as Avogadro constant A, which is 6.02 x
10^23 particles.
n = number of atoms= 0.0052
N = number of particles
Avogadro constant A = 6.02 x 10^23
n = N/A => N = n x A = 0.0052 x 6.02 x 106^23 = 3.13 x 10^20
Volume of Xe atom which would be a sphere = (4/3) x pi x r^3
Volume = = (4/3) x 3.14 x (1.3Ă—10â’8)^3 = 9.2 x 10^-24
Volume occupied by these particles = n x Volume = 3.13 x 10^20 x 9.2 x
10^-24 = 0.00288
Fraction of volume will be = 0.00288 / 0.1 = 0.0288
Second Ionization energy is required to move from Ca⁺ to Ca²⁺ + e⁻. Hence, option D is correct.
<h3>What is first ionization energy?</h3>
First ionization energy: The energy needed to remove the outermost, or highest energy, an electron from a neutral atom in the gas phase.
An element's second ionization energy is the energy required to remove the outermost, or least bound, an electron from a 1+ ion of the element. Because positive charge binds electrons more strongly, the second ionization energy of an element is always higher than the first.
Let us write the reaction equation properly:
Ca⁺ → Ca²⁺ + e⁻
In the reaction above, we see that calcium goes from a single charge to being doubly charged by losing an electron.
Different atoms bind their valence electrons with different amounts of energy. We must supply enough energy to remove the most loosely held electrons in an atom. This amount of energy required is called ionization energy.
The first ionization energy removes the outermost electron and makes the atom to become an ion.
Hence, option D is correct.
Learn more about the ionization energy here:
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1mol ------------ 3×6,02×10²³ oxygen atoms
x ------------ 2,55×10²⁴
x = 2,5×10²⁴ × 1mol / 3×6,02×10²³ ≈ 0,138*10 mol = 1,38mol
