Question

What energy is required to move from Ca+ to Ca2+ + e−?

Answer 1

Second Ionization energy is required to move from  Ca⁺ to Ca²⁺ + e⁻. Hence, option D is correct.

What is first ionization energy?

First ionization energy: The energy needed to remove the outermost, or highest energy, an electron from a neutral atom in the gas phase.

An element's second ionization energy is the energy required to remove the outermost, or least bound, an electron from a 1+ ion of the element. Because positive charge binds electrons more strongly, the second ionization energy of an element is always higher than the first.

Let us write the reaction equation properly:

                 Ca⁺ → Ca²⁺ + e⁻

In the reaction above, we see that calcium goes from a single charge to being doubly charged by losing an electron.

Different atoms bind their valence electrons with different amounts of energy. We must supply enough energy to remove the most loosely held electrons in an atom. This amount of energy required is called ionization energy.

The first ionization energy removes the outermost electron and makes the atom to become an ion.

Hence, option D is correct.

Learn more about the ionization energy here:

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