Proteins are polymers of amino acids. 20 different amino acids are present in various combinations in different proteins. Humans are incapable of synthesizing some amino acids. These are called the essential amino acids as they must be provided in the diet.
Histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine are the nine amino acids that are not synthesized in the body of adult humans and therefore, are categorized as essential ones. Arginine is a non-essential amino acid for adult humans but is essential for adult humans. Therefore, for an infant, more than 9 amino acids are essential ones.
At the end of mitosis, the two daughter cells will be exact copies of the original cell. Each daughter cell will have 30 chromosomes. At the end of meiosis II, each cell (i.e., gamete) would have half the original number of chromosomes, that is, 15 chromosomes.
