Answer:
1: Independent clause
2: Dependent clause
3: Yes, it is punctuated correctly
Explanation:
An independent clause is a bunch of words that can work on its own as a sentence. It is called "independent" because it works on its own. For example, "Jacob walked down the street."
A dependent clause is extra background information that can be added on to an independent clause, but it can't work on its own as a sentence. That is why it is called "dependent," because it depends on the independent clause. For example, "when the bell struck 9." This doesn't make sense on its own, but when you add it to the dependent clause, you get "Jacob walked down the street when the bell struck 9."
Usually to add a dependent clause to an independent clause you use a comma to separate them. A comma is only used when the dependent clause goes before the independent one.
If you look at question 3, see each part of the sentence before and after the comma. Which part can stand on its own as a sentence and which part does not work on its own? The first part "though I hate beans" is dependent while the second part "I love eating chili" is the independent clause.
