Floriculture, olericulture, pomology and post-harvest technology are major horticulture grouping
Floriculture is a branch of ornamental horticulture concerned with growing and marketing flowers. olericulture a branch of horticulture that deals with the production, storage, processing, and marketing of vegetables.
Pomology is the study and cultivation of fruits it is also known as fruticulture. Pomology is emerging field in science and technology for production and handling of temperate fruit and nut crop. Post harvest technology is responsible for protection, conservation, processing, packaging, distribution, marketing of fruits and vegetables .
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Answer:
The correct choice is ''ion electrochemical gradients''.
Diffusion of ions across membranes through specific ion channels is driven by <u>ion electrochemical gradients</u>.
Explanation:
An electrochemical gradient can be considered as that electrical (electrostatic pressure) and chemical (diffusion) force that determine the movement of molecules and ions across the membrane. This electrochemical gradient, in addition to causing movement of substances through cell membranes, is also a type of potential energy available for the performance of different cellular activities, potential energy called membrane potential.
<span>In gymnosperms, the seed coat develops from the integument. in angiosperms, the seed coat develops from the </span>integuments.
