Answer:
Unsystematic Variability
Explanation:
Variability
This refers to a number or measure of the observed differences in the value of a variable that is from one unit of observation to another unit.
Unsystematic variability
This is usually refered to as a type of variability that is unexplainable (not accounted for) for by a one or a known source, but that comes from effects or the combinations of extraneouss variables, measurement error, and noise.
They are the known differences in scores of individuals because of the variable that were not examined. They are usually not related to variables examined. Mostly type 11 error, are within groups variance in experiments and usually leads to high total variability.
Answer: Classic Conditioning
Explanation:
In Classical conditioning, the conditioned stimulus was previously a neutral stimulus that eventually becomes to trigger a conditioned responses after becoming associated with the unconditioned stimulus.
Here is an illustration of classic conditioning, the unconditioned stimulus (food) is presented repeatedly just after the presentation of the neutral stimulus (bell). After conditioning, the neutral stimulus alone produces a conditioned response (salivation), thus becoming a conditioned stimulus. Explanation, from this illustration, one salivates whenever it sees food but before the present the food, a bell is rung. Overtime just ringing the bell makes the person to start salivating.
Not 100% sure to be honest.. i’m sorry :( i wish i could help.
<span>A strong study establishes validity because it is important that the researcher measures what he or she intends to measure.
Validity in a study means that it is logical, sound, and reasonable - that the researcher has done his or her job properly, measured everything correctly, and has come to certain conclusions which could be proven and checked if necessary.
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The primary cost component for American scheduled airlines is fuel, which accounts for the majority of operational expenses.
<h3>
What are fixed and variable costs for an airline?</h3>
In contrast to variable costs, which change over time, fixed expenses remain the same. Variable costs, which include things like fuel, oil, maintenance, landing fees, etc., on the other hand, are subject to change. The fixed costs do not change regardless of how much time you spend flying your aircraft.
<h3>
What are aircraft direct operating costs?</h3>
The term "direct operating cost" (DOC) refers to expenses that are directly connected to running a flight, such as flight attendant pay, aircraft fuel and oil, lease rental or depreciation, maintenance costs, insurance premiums, ground handling, navigational fees, landing and parking fees, and in-flight catering services.
Learn more about operating cost: brainly.com/question/15699967
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