Answer:
There is a horizontal translation 4 units left, and and vertical translation 1 unit down.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the transformation, compare the function to the parent function and check to see if there is a horizontal or vertical shift, reflection about the x-axis or y-axis, and if there is a vertical stretch.
Parent function: f(x) = (5)^x
Horizontal translation: 4 units left
Vertical translation: 1 unit down
Reflection about the x-axis: none
Vertical stretch: stretched
