Founder effect or population bottleneck refer to events which bring about reduction in the genetic variability of a particular specie population. Such events typically drastically reduce the gene pool of the population and produce a smaller number of population with less genetic diversity. An example of a population bottleneck is a genocide event. Such event will destroy a large percentage of the affected population leaving only a smaller population with less genetic diversity. i hope these helps.
Answer:
gravity
Explanation:
Gravity is the cause of glacier motion; the ice slowly flows and changes in response to gravity. A glacier molds itself to the land and also molds the land as it creeps down the valley. Many glaciers slide on their beds, which enables them to move faster.
Answer:
As a new covalent connection develops between the two glucose molecules, one loses a <em>H group,</em> the other loses an<em> OH group</em>, and a <u>water molecule is freed</u>.
<h2>
Why does glucose form a polymer despite being a stable molecule?</h2>
The formation of glucose polymers (glycogen, starch, cellulose) requires the input of energy from uridine triphosphate (UTP). Any tiny molecules must be converted into bigger molecules, which is compatible with the second rule of thermodynamics. Building proteins from amino acids, nucleic acids from nucleotides, fatty acids and cholesterol from acetyl groups, and so on are examples. Energy is released when bigger molecules are broken down into smaller ones, which is compatible with the second rule of thermodynamics. Thus, glucose may be converted to CO2 and H2O, resulting in the production of ATP. While glucose is a tiny molecule and hence relatively "stable," it can exist at a potential energy level and may be used to build up (needs energy) or broken down (<em>produces</em> energy). All of these biochemical processes require the use of enzymes; otherwise, the activation energy of most reactions would require extremely long periods of time for random energy inputs to push the reactions in either direction, despite the fact that energy considerations favor spontaneous breakdown over synthesis.
Answer:
In relation to voltage-gated ion channels, when depolarization occurs, Na⁺ gates open while K⁺ gates remain closed.
Explanation:
Depolarization is a phenomenon that occurs in cells like neurons, and depends on the distribution of ions in extracellular spaces and intraceluar.
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Na⁺ is a predominantly extracellular cation.
- K⁺ has a high intracellular concentration.
This distribution occurs when the membrane potential is at rest, with a negative intracellular value.
Depolarization involves opening the Na⁺ channels, so that this cation enters the intracellular space, causing a change in cell voltage. Increasing Na⁺ concentration in intracellular space progressively produces an action potential, resulting in an electrical signal.
While depolarization occurs, K⁺ channels remain closed, limiting the output of this cation to extracellular space, which would prevent the action potential from occurring.
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