<span>Social stratification is the essence of a democratic society. However, there can be drawbacks, such as the inequality of the classes. There comes a time when you have to wonder if those that are in better socio economic classes exploit those who do not have an edge in societal classes. So, to answer your question, it is both good for society in that it allows for classes to progress, and it may be bad since those in lower classes will have a harder time advancing.</span>
1) This type of conditioning is called classical conditioning. We learned that Jenny is always associating her room as a very cold environment. Because of this, she starts to <em>anticipate</em> this coldness that she even starts to shiver before she enters the room. Associating two events together is part of classical conditioning.
2) For this item, the type of conditioning shown is called operant conditioning. Operant conditioning is defined as having a change in behavior because of a reinforcement or a punishment. In this case, Jake is met with a punishment in the form of the ticket that's why his behavior changed.
3) This item is also an example of classical conditioning. Because you really disliked the sheep's brain, you started changing your behavior towards it that even something only <em>similar</em> to the brain makes you react unpleasantly. Here, you associated the brain (or the sight of something similar) to your very unpleasant experience in biology.
4) This one is another example of operant conditioning. Here, instead of being punished, you are offered a reinforcement in the form of a compliment. Because of this compliment, you decided to continue your haircut. Thus, the reinforcement successfully influenced your "behavior".
D) there are no processed foods in African cultures.
