<span>They both have charged particles
They have the same attractive forces between particles
They have the same space between particles
They create magnetic and electric fields</span>
Answer:
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Explanation:
Since Oxygen is in group 16, this element has 6 valence electrons. Valence electrons like to become as stable as possible and similar to a noble gas, which has 8 electrons. You need to find an element that will transfer its atoms to the oxygen to make 8 electrons. Looking at the periodic table, Selenium is in group 16 and will have 6 valence electrons (6 + 6 = 12). This can't transfer electrons with Oxygen. Hydrogen is in group 1 with 1 valence electron (6 + 1 = 7). This can't transfer electrons with Oxygen. Strontium is in group 2 with 2 valence electrons (6 + 2 = 8). This will transfer electrons to Oxygen, making it the most stable.
The answer is O and Sr.
Lithium cation and Lithium atom can be compared as follow;
<h3>
1) Charge:</h3>
The charge on Lithium atom is zero means, it has same number of protons and electrons. Hence, the nert effect is cancelled out and the atom gets zero charge.
On the other hand, Lithium cation is formed when it looses one electron. Therefore, the number of protons are greater by one number as compared to number of electrons resulting in the formation of +1 charge as shown below,
Li → Li⁺¹ + e⁻
<h3>
2) Size:</h3>
Secondly, Lithium atom has greater size as compared to Lithium cation because due to presence of greater number of protons compared to electrons in Lithium cation the nuclear charge appears to be greater as compared to neutral atom hence, pulling the valence electrons more effectively making the lithium cation smaller in size as compared to neutral atom.
<h3>
3) Reactivity:</h3>
We can also compare the reactivity of both species. The neutral will be more reactive than the charged atom because it is containing one valence electron and can donate it when ever it comes in contact with non-metals.
Enthalpy of formation is the alteration in enthalpy for the formation of one mole of the compound; hence you just have to modify the data you have proportionately to what it would be for one mole of the compound.
Begin with the balanced equation first, just to safeguard the coefficient on the substance you're given is 1, remembering that the coefficient on your product must be 1.
Na + (1/2)F2 --> NaF So no problem, since the coefficient of Na is 1. Change the mass of Na you're given to moles: (0.560 g Na)(1 mol Na/22.99 g Na) = 0.0244 mol Na. So, 13.8 kJ heat is altered by the response of 0.0244 mol Na.To look for the heat evolved by 1 mol Na, just divide the amount of heat by the number of moles: 13.8 kJ/0.0244 mol which gives 566.5 kJ/mol. Lastly, whether the heat is changed or obligatory to control the sign of ΔH. Heat is evolved here, meaning the reaction is exothermic, so ΔH = -566 kJ/mol.
