Question

The comprehensive strength of concrete is normally distributed with μ = 2500 psi and σ = 50 psi. Find the probability that a random sample of n = 5 specimens will have a sample mean diameter that falls in the interval from 2499 psi to 2510 psi.

Answer 1

Answer:

The probability that the diameter falls in the interval from 2499 psi to 2510 psi is 0.00798.

Step-by-step explanation:

Let's define the random variable, $X =$ "Comprehensive strength of concrete". We have information that $X$ is normally distributed with a mean of 2500 psi and a standard deviation of  50 psi (or a variance of 2500 psi). In other words, $X \sim N(2500, 2500)$.

We want to know the probability of the mean of X or $\bar{X}$ that falls in the interval $[2499;2510]$. From inference theory we know that :

$\bar{X} \sim N(2500, \frac{2500}{5}) \Rightarrow \bar{X} \sim N(2500,500)$

Now we can find the probability as follows:

$P(2499 \leq \bar{X} \leq 2510) \Rightarrow P(\frac{2499 - 2500}{500} \leq \frac{\bar{X} - 2500}{500} \leq \frac{2499 - 2500}{500} ) \Rightarrow\\\Rightarrow P(-0.002 \leq \frac{\bar{X} - 2500}{500} \leq 0.02 ) \Rightarrow P(-0.002 \leq Z \leq 0.02 )$

Where $Z \sim N(0,1)$, then:

$P(-0.002 \leq Z \leq 0.02 ) \approx P(0 \leq Z \leq 0.02 ) = P(Z \leq 0.02 ) - P(Z \leq 0) \\P(0 \leq Z \leq 0.02 ) = 0.50798 - 0.5 = 0.00798$