Answer:
The correct answers are A, B and D. The Clean Air Act was important because it emphasized cost-effective methods to protect the air; encouraged people to study the effects of dirty air on human health; and created a regulation that makes any activities that pollute the air illegal.
Explanation:
The Clean Air Act is a federal federal law designed to control air pollution nationwide. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is required to develop and enforce the regulations to protect the general public from exposure to air pollutants that are known to be dangerous to human health. The 1963 law established a basic research program, which was expanded in 1967. The main changes to the law, which require regulatory controls of air pollution, were promulgated in 1970, 1977 and 1990.
The 1970 amendments significantly expanded the federal mandate by demanding broad federal and state regulations, both for fixed sources of pollution (industrial) and mobile sources.
In 1990 provisions were added to deal with acid rain, depletion of the ozone layer and toxic air pollution, and a program of national permits of fixed sources was established. Also new requirements were established for the reformulation of gasoline, the adjustment of Reid vapor pressure (RVP), which measures the volatility of gasoline; and the norms to control the evaporation emissions of the gasoline.
The Clean Air Act is important because it was the first important environmental law in the United States to include a disposition regarding citizen demands. Numerous local and state governments have promulgated similar laws, either the execution of federal programs or to fill important loopholes at the local level in federal programs.
<span>Ian Waterman was able to sense pain and temperature because his
spinothalamic pathway was intact, but could not feel touch and limb position because of damage to his
lemniscus pathway. </span>
The lateral spinothalamic tract is a sensory pathway which carries sensory information like pain and temperature to the brain, across the thalamus. Free nerve endings which are located in the peripheral tissues are sensitive to cell damage. Those are primary neurons and they pass the sensory signal. Primary neurons synapse with secondary which are located in the spinal cord (white matter). These secondary neurons will ascend through the brainstem, medulla oblongata, pons and midbrain, until synapsing in the ventroposteriorlateral (VPL) nucleus of the thalamus. From the thalamus, the information is sent to cortex (somatosensory cortex).
Posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway is ascending spinal tract, carrying sensory information to the brain (sensory pathway). It conducts localized sensations of fine touch, vibration and proprioception (position sense) from the skin and extremities (muscles) to the central nervous system (cerebral cortex).
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