<span>a glycerol backbone, and fatty acids</span>
Antibodies, also called immunoglobulins, are proteins manufactured by the body that help fight against foreign substances called antigens. When an antigen enters the body, it stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies. (The immune system is the body's natural defense system.) The antibodies attach, or bind, themselves to the antigen and inactivate it.<span>
Read more: <span>http://www.scienceclarified.com/Al-As/Antibody-and-Antigen.html#ixzz4YlY105DD</span></span>
The horse and donkey, though closely related by sharing a common ancestor, are different species. They have different number of chromosomes hence pairing of homologous chromosomes during fusion of gametes becomes complicated. The mule will have an extra chromosome from the horse hence will have abnormalities such as sterility. A Mule is unable to reproduce due to this same phenomenon. Homologous chromosomes are not well paired for meiosis I.
