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3 years ago

Write the following expression with as few symbols as possible, using the notational conventions:

Mathematics

1 answer:

My name is Ann [436]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

The simplified expressions are (x + y·z' + t) and x·(x + y' + z) respectively.

Step-by-step explanation:

The expressions provided are:

$(i)\ x+((y\times (z')) +t)\\\\(ii)\ x\times((x+(y'))+z)$

(i)

Simplify the first expression with as few symbols as possible:

$x+((y\times (z')) +t)=x+(yz'+t)$

$=x+yz'+t$

(ii)

Simplify the second expression with as few symbols as possible:

$x\times((x+(y'))+z)=x\times ((x+y')+z)$

$=x (x+y'+z)$

Thus, the simplified expressions are (x + y·z' + t) and x·(x + y' + z) respectively.

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Determine whether the given vectors are orthogonal, parallel or neither. (a) u=[-3,9,6], v=[4,-12,-8,], (b) u=[1,-1,2] v=[2,-1,1

nevsk [136]

Answer:

a) $u v= (-3)*(4) + (9)*(-12)+ (6)*(-8)=-168$

Since the dot product is not equal to zero then the two vectors are not orthogonal.

$|u|= \sqrt{(-3)^2 +(9)^2 +(6)^2}=\sqrt{126}$

$|v| =\sqrt{(4)^2 +(-12)^2 +(-8)^2}=\sqrt{224}$

$cos \theta = \frac{uv}{|u| |v|}$

$\theta = cos^{-1} (\frac{uv}{|u| |v|})$

If we replace we got:

$\theta = cos^{-1} (\frac{-168}{\sqrt{126} \sqrt{224}})=cos^{-1} (-1) = \pi$

Since the angle between the two vectors is 180 degrees we can conclude that are parallel

b) $u v= (1)*(2) + (-1)*(-1)+ (2)*(1)=5$

$|u|= \sqrt{(1)^2 +(-1)^2 +(2)^2}=\sqrt{6}$

$|v| =\sqrt{(2)^2 +(-1)^2 +(1)^2}=\sqrt{6}$

$cos \theta = \frac{uv}{|u| |v|}$

$\theta = cos^{-1} (\frac{uv}{|u| |v|})$

$\theta = cos^{-1} (\frac{5}{\sqrt{6} \sqrt{6}})=cos^{-1} (\frac{5}{6}) = 33.557$

Since the angle between the two vectors is not 0 or 180 degrees we can conclude that are either.

c) $u v= (a)*(-b) + (b)*(a)+ (c)*(0)=-ab +ba +0 = -ab+ab =0$

Since the dot product is equal to zero then the two vectors are orthogonal.

Step-by-step explanation:

For each case first we need to calculate the dot product of the vectors, and after this if the dot product is not equal to 0 we can calculate the angle between the two vectors in order to see if there are parallel or not.

Part a

u=[-3,9,6], v=[4,-12,-8,]

The dot product on this case is:

$u v= (-3)*(4) + (9)*(-12)+ (6)*(-8)=-168$

Since the dot product is not equal to zero then the two vectors are not orthogonal.

Now we can calculate the magnitude of each vector like this:

$|u|= \sqrt{(-3)^2 +(9)^2 +(6)^2}=\sqrt{126}$

$|v| =\sqrt{(4)^2 +(-12)^2 +(-8)^2}=\sqrt{224}$

And finally we can calculate the angle between the vectors like this:

$cos \theta = \frac{uv}{|u| |v|}$

And the angle is given by:

$\theta = cos^{-1} (\frac{uv}{|u| |v|})$

If we replace we got:

$\theta = cos^{-1} (\frac{-168}{\sqrt{126} \sqrt{224}})=cos^{-1} (-1) = \pi$

Since the angle between the two vectors is 180 degrees we can conclude that are parallel

Part b

u=[1,-1,2] v=[2,-1,1]

The dot product on this case is:

$u v= (1)*(2) + (-1)*(-1)+ (2)*(1)=5$

Since the dot product is not equal to zero then the two vectors are not orthogonal.

Now we can calculate the magnitude of each vector like this:

$|u|= \sqrt{(1)^2 +(-1)^2 +(2)^2}=\sqrt{6}$

$|v| =\sqrt{(2)^2 +(-1)^2 +(1)^2}=\sqrt{6}$

And finally we can calculate the angle between the vectors like this:

$cos \theta = \frac{uv}{|u| |v|}$

And the angle is given by:

$\theta = cos^{-1} (\frac{uv}{|u| |v|})$

If we replace we got:

$\theta = cos^{-1} (\frac{5}{\sqrt{6} \sqrt{6}})=cos^{-1} (\frac{5}{6}) = 33.557$

Since the angle between the two vectors is not 0 or 180 degrees we can conclude that are either.

Part c

u=[a,b,c] v=[-b,a,0]

The dot product on this case is:

$u v= (a)*(-b) + (b)*(a)+ (c)*(0)=-ab +ba +0 = -ab+ab =0$

Since the dot product is equal to zero then the two vectors are orthogonal.

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3 years ago

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