Answer:
by looking at their physical features, the fossil record, and dna sequences
Answer:
<u>Motor neurons </u>send messages to the muscles and glands to respond to stimuli.
<u>Sensory neurons </u>move information towards the central nervous system for processing.
<u>Interneurons </u>carry information from one type of neuron to another.
Explanation:
- Neurons are basic structural and functional units of Nervous system.
- Neurons possess electrical excitability, the ability to respond to a stimulus and convert it into a action potential.
- Neurons can be classified on the basis of their structure and function.
- On the basis of structure neurons are classified as, Multipolar neuron;Bipolar neuron; Unipolar neuron.
- On the basis of function neurons are classified as, Afferent or sensory neuron; Efferent or motor neurons; Interneurons or association neurons.
These
instructions that produces a specific protein is called the Gene. A gene is a region
of DNA that encrypts purpose. A chromosome comprises of a long strand of DNA that
involves many genes. A human chromosome can contain up to 500 million base pairs
of DNA that has thousands of <span>genes.</span>
A
it says the swallows had Continued reduced reproductive success over time.
Answer:
The colonies are carrying the resistance genes from plasmids
Explanation:
Bacteria can acquire beneficial characteristics that they didn’t have. One way for these is through plasmids, which ones are little fragments of DNA that usually contains resistance genes (for antibiotics, disinfectants, heavy metals, etc.) or other capacities, like the ability to use some substances (for example sugars).
In this specific situation, we already know that the plasmid carrying genes for tetracycline resistance and the <em>lacZ</em> gene.
A little explanation:
Tetracycline is an antibiotic that inhibits bacterial growth and kills the bacteria. The bacteria can “fight” to this antibiotic if it has a resistant gene, the result is that the antibiotic can’t affect the bacteria and survive. An analogy is like a Police Officer (bacteria) that have a bulletproof vest (tetracycline-resistant gene) so the bullets (tetracycline) didn’t affect the police.
In the case of X-gal, is a compound consisting primarily in one sugar called galactose. Not all bacteria can eat galactose, they need an enzyme called β- galactosidase (comes from <em>lacZ</em> gene) that helps the bacteria “eat” the sugar (cuts the sugar in little pieces so the bacteria can eat).
Then, as the bacterial colonies can grow in the medium with tetracycline and X-gal, we know that those bacteria are carrying the resistance genes for tetracycline (does not affect the bacteria) and the <em>lacZ</em> gene (bacteria produce β- galactosidase that cuts galactose). These genes are coming from the plasmids because we already know that the plasmid carries these genes and not from the exogenous DNA.
