2 years ago

Explain how environmental agents such as chemicals and radiation cause cancer.

1 answer:

4 0

Chemical (mutagens) usually either mimic the structure of nucleotides and are inserted in DNA or either cause chemical changes (such as alkylation) in nucleotides hence causing mismatching during replication. Radiation, on the other hand, (due to its high energy) causes double-strand breaks in DNA causing an increased likelihood of mutations during the repair of the DNA by cell mechanisms.

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A Microorganism which can also be known as a Microbe or Microscopic organism

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3 years ago

Why does maltose have both alpha and beta anomers?

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Answer:

Maltose is a disaccharide sugar made up of two units of glucose.

In cyclic structure, the glucose exists in two anomeric forms; alpha and beta.

These glucose units can either joined by α (1→4) glycosidic bond or by β (1→4) glycosidic bond.