Answer:
By performing a test cross i.e. a cross with a recessive trait
Explanation:
According to the question, hairlessness is a recessive trait, meaning that it will only be expressed in a homozygous condition i.e. when there are two recessive alleles in the genotype. Presence of hair is dominant, meaning that it will mask the phenotypic expression of hairlessness allele in a heterozygous state. Hence, a dominant phenotype can either be homozygous (same dominant allele) or heterozygous (combination of dominant and recessive alleles).
In order to determine which of these genotypes the dominant phenotype possess, we perform a test cross. A test cross is a cross performed to determine the genotype of the dominant organism by crossing it with a homozygous recessive genotype.
Ideally, the offsprings resulting from the cross will all be phenotypically dominant if the organism in question is homozygous dominant but if the organism is heterozygous dominant, the offsprings will occur in an equal ratio of dominant to recessive phenotypes.
So in this case, all of offsprings of this cross between the rat terriers will possess hair if the dominant rat terrier dog is homozygous, but if the dominant rat terrier dog is heterozygous, an hairless offspring will be produced.
Plants’ nonspecific immune responses includes cell-surface receptors (pattern recognition proteins) which allow them to identify certain patterns characteristic for pathogens. Activated receptors trigger the production of chemical signals that may initiate both local and systemic defense responses. Sometimes when a plant is affected by infection, it triggers rapid localized programmed cell death to stop the infection further. When it comes to defense form the herbivores, plants have physical barriers (plant cell walls and their extensions), some antibiotic compounds (phytoalexins), and even enzymes that can defend them.
Answer:
a level
Explanation:
it determines if its flat
Oxygen and carbon dioxide travels to and from tiny air sacs in the lungs, through the walls of the capillaries, into the blood. Blood leaves the heart through the pulmonic valve, into the pulmonary artery and to the lungs. Blood leaves the heart through the aortic valve, into the aorta and to the body.
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
some the bacteria are resistance to antibiotics due to mutation.