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Ludmilka [50]
3 years ago
5

The four conditions (mutual exclusion, hold and wait, no preemption and circular wait) are necessary for a resource deadlock to

occur. Give an example to show that these conditions are not sufficient for a resource deadlock to occur. When are these conditions sufficient for a resource deadlock to occur
Business
1 answer:
Evgen [1.6K]3 years ago
5 0

Explanation:

The conditions sufficient for a resource deadlock to occur is when a  deadlock will  prevail for process A, B, and C when two resources R and S; if only one instance of each resources is allowed.

Solution

Deadlock conditions

A deadlock is a situation where two or more processes request for same critical resource at the same time.

The mutual exclusion applies a restriction to a resource when the resource is used by any process, it should become unavailable for the other resources

The hold and wait allocations explains that any process which is allocate resources must hold them; till all needed resources are nor sure.

In the meantime, if any other processes need a resource which is held by another process, then the latter will release the resource to prevent deadlock.

No pre-emption states that the operating system can grant access to resources to another process while it is in use by another process; depending on the priority , to prevent deadlock.

Circular wait should not be implemented so that resources being requested by process are allocated when they get free.

Now,

Three processes A, B, and C functions on a system, having two distinct resources R and S.

The resource  R has one instant active while resource S has two instances available.

The instance of R is allocated to a process A after request. first instance of resource S is allocated to process B, and second instance of resource S is allocated to process C.

When a request is placed by process B for resource R, then the resource is not available for execution. the process A request for resource S which is used by both C and B.

All the four conditions prevail in this situation; yet deadlock does not occur.

The resource S is released by process C and is allocated to process A. when process A finishes, it releases resources and resources R is allocate d to process B.

Hence all three processes end without a deadlock.

However, the deadlock will prevail for process A, B, and C when two resources R and S; if only one instance of each resources is allowed.

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Answer:

Cash Disbursement for selling and administrative expense = $42,370

Explanation:

Provided information,

Units to be sold in the month of March = 3,100 units

Variable selling and administrative cost per unit = $3.60

Fixed selling and administrative cost  = $35,810

Depreciation included in fixed selling and administrative cost = $4,600

Cash fixed cost of selling and administrative cost = $35,810 - $4,600 = $31,210

Total cash cost of selling and administrative cost = Variable + Cash Fixed cost

Total variable cost = $3.60 \times 3,100 units = $11,160

<u>Total cash disbursement = $11,160 + $31,210 = $42,370</u>

<u></u>

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3 years ago
An informal session of 6 to 10 customers in which a moderator asks their opinions about a firm's and its competitors' products,
Mekhanik [1.2K]

Answer:

Focus group

Explanation:

Focus group is a small group of people who are introduced in an open discussion for research purpose. In the given question there is a informal session with 6 - 10 customers in which their opinions are considered about a firms products. This is a small group session which is initiated to identify product features and how these customers use these products. This is focus group for research purpose.

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3 years ago
Frederick Group uses ABC to account for its chrome wheel manufacturing process. Company managers have identified four manufactur
adoni [48]

Answer:

Results are below.

Explanation:

<u>First, we need to calculate the activities allocation rate:</u>

Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= total estimated overhead costs for the period/ total amount of allocation base

Material handeling= 8,700/2,900= $3 per part

Machine setup= 4,650/15= $310 per setup

Insertion of parts= 49,300/2,900= $17 per part

Finishing= 75,600/1,800= $42 per direct labor hour

<u>Now, we can allocate overhead to Job 420:</u>

<u />

Allocated MOH= Estimated manufacturing overhead rate* Actual amount of allocation base

Material handeling= 3*150= $450

Machine setup= 310*4= $1,240

Insertion of parts= 17*150= $2,550

Finishing= 42*120= $5,040

Total allocated costs= $9,280

<u>Finally, allocated costs to Job 510:</u>

Material handeling= 3*500= $1,500

Machine setup= 310*5= $1,550

Insertion of parts= 17*500= $8,500

Finishing= 42*320= $13,440

Total allocated costs= $24,990

6 0
3 years ago
Spin Cycle Architecture uses three activity pools to apply overhead to its projects. Each activity has a cost driver used to all
hammer [34]

Answer:

a. predetermined overhead rate for each activity

initial concept formation  = $3,310 per Project Change

design  = $3 per Square feet

construction oversight  = $1,130 per Month

b. Classification

unit-level activities :

design

batch level activities :

initial concept formation

Product level activities :

design<em> </em>

Facility level activities :

initial concept formation

construction oversight

Explanation:

This question requires application of Activity Based Costing (ABC) method of allocating overheads.

For each overhead a rate is determined as follows :

<em>initial concept formation </em>

Predetermined overhead rate = Overhead Cost / Number of Project Changes

                                                  = $52,960/ 16

                                                  = $3,310 per Project Change

<em>design </em>

Predetermined overhead rate = Overhead Cost / Square feet

                                                  = $420,000/ 140,000

                                                  = $3 per Square feet

<em>construction oversight </em>

Predetermined overhead rate = Overhead Cost / Number of Months

                                                  = $118,650/ 105

                                                  = $1,130 per Month

<em>Classification</em>

The way the activity is to be absorbed in costing determine its classification

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Answer:

The options for this question are the following:

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B) legal

C) ethical

D) demographic

The correct answer is C) ethical .

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3 0
3 years ago
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