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Lorico [155]
3 years ago
13

More on the Leaning Tower of Pisa. Refer to the previous exercise. (a) In 1918 the lean was 2.9071 meters. (The coded value is 7

1.) Using the least-squares equation for the years 1975 to 1987, calculate a predicted value for the lean in 1918. (Note that you must use the coded value 18 for year.)
Mathematics
1 answer:
PSYCHO15rus [73]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

2.9106

Step-by-step explanation:

According to the information of the problem

Year 75   76   77   78    79    80    81      82 83 84 85 86 87

Lean 642 644 656  667   673  688 696  698 713 717 725 742 757

If you use a linear regressor calculator you find that approximately

y = 9.318 x - 61.123

so you just find x = 18  and then the predicted value would be 106mm

therefore the predicted value for the lean in 1918 was 2.9106

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Determine the exact formula for the following discrete models:
marshall27 [118]

I'm partial to solving with generating functions. Let

T(x)=\displaystyle\sum_{n\ge0}t_nx^n

Multiply both sides of the recurrence by x^{n+2} and sum over all n\ge0.

\displaystyle\sum_{n\ge0}2t_{n+2}x^{n+2}=\sum_{n\ge0}3t_{n+1}x^{n+2}+\sum_{n\ge0}2t_nx^{n+2}

Shift the indices and factor out powers of x as needed so that each series starts at the same index and power of x.

\displaystyle2\sum_{n\ge2}2t_nx^n=3x\sum_{n\ge1}t_nx^n+2x^2\sum_{n\ge0}t_nx^n

Now we can write each series in terms of the generating function T(x). Pull out the first few terms so that each series starts at the same index n=0.

2(T(x)-t_0-t_1x)=3x(T(x)-t_0)+2x^2T(x)

Solve for T(x):

T(x)=\dfrac{2-3x}{2-3x-2x^2}=\dfrac{2-3x}{(2+x)(1-2x)}

Splitting into partial fractions gives

T(x)=\dfrac85\dfrac1{2+x}+\dfrac15\dfrac1{1-2x}

which we can write as geometric series,

T(x)=\displaystyle\frac8{10}\sum_{n\ge0}\left(-\frac x2\right)^n+\frac15\sum_{n\ge0}(2x)^n

T(x)=\displaystyle\sum_{n\ge0}\left(\frac45\left(-\frac12\right)^n+\frac{2^n}5\right)x^n

which tells us

\boxed{t_n=\dfrac45\left(-\dfrac12\right)^n+\dfrac{2^n}5}

# # #

Just to illustrate another method you could consider, you can write the second recurrence in matrix form as

49y_{n+2}=-16y_n\implies y_{n+2}=-\dfrac{16}{49}y_n\implies\begin{bmatrix}y_{n+2}\\y_{n+1}\end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix}0&-\frac{16}{49}\\1&0\end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix}y_{n+1}\\y_n\end{bmatrix}

By substitution, you can show that

\begin{bmatrix}y_{n+2}\\y_{n+1}\end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix}0&-\frac{16}{49}\\1&0\end{bmatrix}^{n+1}\begin{bmatrix}y_1\\y_0\end{bmatrix}

or

\begin{bmatrix}y_n\\y_{n-1}\end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix}0&-\frac{16}{49}\\1&0\end{bmatrix}^{n-1}\begin{bmatrix}y_1\\y_0\end{bmatrix}

Then solving the recurrence is a matter of diagonalizing the coefficient matrix, raising to the power of n-1, then multiplying by the column vector containing the initial values. The solution itself would be the entry in the first row of the resulting matrix.

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3 years ago
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Answer:

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scoray [572]

20(15x − 34)+9x

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300x-680+9x

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Answer:

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Step-by-step explanation:

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WINSTONCH [101]

Answer:

See below

Step-by-step explanation:

Quadratic formula :

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