Answer:
a.Many mitochondrial genes resemble proteobacteria genes, while the genes in the chloroplast resemble genes found in some photosynthetic bacteria.
c.Mitochondria and chloroplasts both have their own circular DNA and 70S ribosomes that are similar to those found in bacteria.
d.Mitochondria and chloroplasts replicate by a process similar to mitosis.
Explanation:
Endosymbiotic theory states that mitochondria and chloroplast which are organelles of eukaryotic cells were once independently living micro-organisms but with due course of time eukaryotic cells engulfed them and they become an integral part of these eukaryotic cells.
The resemblance between mitochondrial genes with those of proteobacteria and chloroplast genes with photosynthetic bacteria strongly support endosymbiotic theory. Apart from this, the presence of their own DNA that too circular just like prokaryotic microbes and 70 S ribosomes also support this theory. Also just like prokaryotic cells, before cell division mitochondria and chloroplasts undergo replication by means of a process known as binary fission.
Answer:
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Explanation:
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Eukaryotic cells rely on the molecular energy of ATP to sustain all of the reactions necessary to maintain life, in the absence of ATP, these reactions would come to a halt, and the cell would inevitably die.
ATP is a molecular compound that provides the energy needed by most cells to survive. ATP represents Adenosine triphosphate, which is an organic compound that provides energy to drive the essential metabolic reactions of living cells, such as:
- Muscle contractions
- Nerve impulses
- Chemical synthesis
- Nutrient absorbtion
In the situation in which a cell was to run out of ATP, these reactions would stop, given that they require ATP to function. This means that the cell would not be able to send or receive nerve signals, absorb the nutrients it needs, or even create necessary compounds such as proteins. The stoppage of these functions would lead to the death of the cell.
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Because the chain will begin to shut down and will no longer pump [H+] (hydrogen ions) across the membrane; thus, the proton gradient can not be maintained.
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Answer:
why are these same questions its earth and people i think
