The environmental effects of harmful practices on private property are not essentially restricted to private property, it can also affect public property. Water polluted on private property might stream down into a local river or an aquifer used for public purposes like drinking water or for recreational parks (swimming pools). Landowners who slaughter travelling animals on their property are putting an end to creatures that are part of a bigger ecosystem; the loss of these animals will affect all the ecosystems along the migration route.
The theory of Continental Dift
Because tropical levels used to be broken because temperatures hasn't varied in the years and history of global temperatures and history.
i think its either d or b! go with d first tho <3