Answer:
change; over-estimates
Explanation:
Substitution bias refers to a tendency in which economic index numbers don't include information about the changes in consumer spending when they switch expensive products for cheaper ones or buy less units as prices change. This changes are not reflected in the market basket from which the CPI is built which can cause inflation rates to be over-estimated.
Answer:
Ceteris paribus assumption: Demand curves relate the prices and quantities demanded assuming no other factors change
Explanation:
Ceteris paribus is a Latin phrase meaning “other things being equal”. If all else is not held equal, then the laws of supply and demand will not necessarily hold.
Demand is the amount of some product a consumer is willing and able to purchase at each price.
IMPACT THE SUBSTITUTION EFFECT AND THE REAL INCOME
A substitute is a good or service that can be used in place of another good or service. A lower price for a substitute decreases demand for the other product and increases the quantity demanded for tomatoes
A change in the price of a good or service causes a movement along a specific demand curve, and it typically leads to some change in the quantity demanded, but it does not shift the demand curve.
Answer:
$106,595
Explanation:
Given:
Initial market rate = 9%
Dropped market interest rate, r = 7% per year
or
= 7% × [6 ÷ 12]
= 3.5% = 0.035
Remaining time, n = 9 years = 18 semi annual periods
Now,
Value of the bond at the retirement
= [ PVAF × Interest payment] + [ PVF × face value]
here,
Present value of annuity factor, PVAF = 
or
PVAF = 
or
PVAF = 13.189
And,
Interest payment = $100,000 × 8% × [6 ÷ 12 ] [since, 8% bonds]
= $4000
Present value factor = 
= 0.538
par value = $100,000
= [13.189 × $40] + [0.538 × 100,000]
= 52,758.7316 + 53,836.114
= $106,595
Hence,
The correct answer is option $106,595
Answer:
<em>Frictional unemployment created by sectoral shifts </em>
Explanation:
Frictional unemployment <em>happens throughout a phase when employees are looking for new jobs or are transferring from old jobs to newer ones.</em>
It can even be defined as natural unemployment as it is not directly linked to factors that contribute to an economy that is performing poorly.
A new global trade agreement leads to higher demand for export-sector workers and lower demand for workers in import-competing sectors. Workers need time to change sectors, and sectoral shifts lead to frictional unemployment
