The answer is c. Anaphase I separates homologous chromosomes and anaphase II separates sister chromatids into daughter cells.
Meiosis is a cell division which results in the reduction of chromosome number by half (from diploid to haploid) in daughter cells. It consists of meiosis I and meiosis II.
In anaphase I, the sister chromatids separate from each other to the opposite sides of the cells. In meiosis I there are 46 chromosomes in duplicates which are present as pairs of sister chromatids. When comes to separation, homologous chromosomes separates only, but not sister chromatids. Homologous chromosomes are present only in meiosis I.
In anaphase II, since the cell is haploid, there are 23 chromosomes in duplicates, which are present as sister chromatids. So, in this phase, sister chromatids are those who separates.
The process of apoptosis, I believe, is when the tadpole's tail is reduced in size during metamorphosis.
In most animal phyla, metamorphosis actually takes place in conjunction with morphological, ecological, and physiological changes.
Marine invertebrates' larva behaves as a drifting tiny creature in the ocean, expanding its habitat distribution to find the best location for its survival.
When muscle cells undergo apoptosis, which is the final stage of their metamorphosis, they are split into membrane-bound muscle fragments and consumed by macrophages.
As a tadpole becomes a frog, apoptosis occurs. The cells in its tail are induced and it will be lost.
<em />
<em>Image: Metamorphosis of a frog
</em>Learn which protein is responsible for initiating apoptosis in the cytosol of the target cell: brainly.com/question/28275150
#SPJ4
Answer:
A limiting factor is anything that constrains a population's size and slows or stops it from growing. Some examples of limiting factors are biotic, like food, mates, and competition with other organisms for resources.
Explanation:
That would be a covalent bond. Hope this helps!