Answer:
scale factor = 
Step-by-step explanation:
Compare the ratio of corresponding sides, image to original.
AB = 6 units and A'B' = 2 units, thus
scale factor =
=
= 
This number is natural, whole, integer, and rational.
Whole numbers are numbers such as 0, 1, 2, ... This is a whole number.
Natural numbers can also be counting numbers. They are the whole numbers, but starting at 1, not 0. This is a natural number.
Integers are whole numbers with negatives. This is an integer.
Rational numbers are any numbers that can be written as a fraction. We can write this as 4563/1, so it is rational.

Since approximately 68% of a (roughly) normal distribution falls within one standard deviation of the mean, that leaves 32% that falls outside, and by symmetry 16% should lie above one standard deviation of the mean.