Question

How does cell differentiation contribute to the formation of new, different types of skin cells?

Answer 1

During cell differentiation, new proteins are expressed

During cell differentiation, some genes are silenced while some or expressed. Different cells differentiate differently depending on the type of cell is going to become. This is why even though all the cells in a multcellular organism have the same DNA, they become different organ systems that look different.

Explanation:

Different differentiated cells produce different proteins because they express different genes. For example Cells of the epidermis of the skin express the genes for producing keratin (the pigment molecule) while those in the dermis do not express this protein because this gene is silenced in dermis cells. In  addition, in dark-skinned people, these genes are more expressed that in people with light skin.

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