Answer: Na+ channels are closed
Explanation:
The refractory period describes a period between the initiation of an action potential (where Na+ channels are active/open), and immediately after the action potential’s peak. In the absolute refractory period, action potentials cannot be generated, as Na+ channels are in an inactive or closed state, they usually take around one or two minutes.
After the absolute refractory period the relative refractory period (RRP) occurs. During the RRP, it is hard to send another action potential. Na+ channels are once again open, but the cell remains hyperpolarized- its membrane potential, remains negative. Recovery from inactivation is voltage and time-dependent; Action potentials would require an influx of more positively charged ions. These must be more than a specific threshold in order to have the cells send along more action potentials which helps with figuring out stimulus intensity.
The _________ in the usage of words may be a serious barrier to effective communication
Answer:
muchos de los cambios que observa en el mundo que lo rodea son causados por reacciones químicas. los ejemplos incluyen dejar cambiar de color, cocinar alimentos y limpiarse. conocer algo de química puede ayudarlo a tomar decisiones cotidianas que afectan su vida.
Explanation:
Espero que esto ayude a marcar el MÁS CEREBRAL !!!
Answer:
Mitochondria
Explanation:
The mitochondrion is an organelle found in both animal and plants cells. However, it is not found in prokaryotic cells. The mitochondrion is most famously known as the powerhouse of the cell because it produces ATP. The defining visual feature of mitochondria is the wavey-like pattern within the organelle.
Population size and density is calculated by using a variety of field sampling methods, including quadrats and mark-recapture.
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