Answer: A spike in food prices due to a drought
Reduction in oil prices reduces aggregate production cost and consequently shift the aggregate supply curve to the right
A rising government spending shifts aggregate demand but does not affect aggregate supply
Investor confidence may raise investment and shipped aggregate demand however it will not shift aggregate supply
Limited jurisdiction, i.e. applicable only to traffic cases.
Answer:
Transactional Leadership
Explanation:
Leadership refers to stimulating and inducing the subordinates so as to extract the desired response or action, which is directed towards achievement of organizational goals and objectives.
Transactional leadership refers to the form of leadership wherein, the leader is very particular about the organizational structure, hierarchy and direction. This form of leadership is more formal in nature wherein incentives are defined to reward good performance.
The leader's focus is upon issuing directions and ensure abidance to organizational rules and norms. The approach lays utmost emphasis upon compliance and efficiency. It is conventional form of leadership and reactive in nature.
In the given case, Malcolm provides pay raise to his subordinates who meet their yearly goals and also supervises and monitors the efficiency of his subordinates. Malcolm's approach depicts transactional form of leadership.
