Explanation:
There are several types of antibodies and antigens, and each antibody is capable of binding only to a specific antigen. ... Antigens are bound to antibodies through weak and noncovalent interactions such as electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, Van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic interactions.
Antibodies attach to a specific antigen and make it easier for the immune cells to destroy the antigen. T lymphocytes attack antigens directly and help control the immune response. They also release chemicals, known as cytokines, which control the entire immune response.
It would be Isomers!!!!! Hoped this helped you out.
The order in which the amino-acids are placed within the polypeptide determines the tertiary structure and therefore the function of the given protein. Amino acids have different functional groups like methyl(CH3), phenyl(C6H5). Those functional groups can interact with molecules like glucose determining reactions, the proteins that catalyze reactions are called enzymes. Other functional groups of amino acids can be the sulfate groups. For example, insulin has 2 polypeptide chains(Chain A has 21 amino acids, and chain B, 30). Between the two polypeptide chains, 2 disulfide bonds form altering its shape.
There is so much you can do to develop your sperm, intake of vitamins, nuts and the right food will definitely help.
The early hominid stages can be differentiated from one another based on the complexity of the tools used by these species. The tool evolved along with the evolution of the humans. The more the hominids evolved by more complex their tools became. The tools made by the earliest hominids were used to fish out the termites. These tool developed and became more widely used as the humans evolved.
Hence, the answer is 'by observing the complexity of the tools'.
