Z=atomic number (number of protons) The number of protons is similar to the number of electrons when the atom doesn´t have charge. In this case : "+1 charge" means that this atom would must have 1 electron more to be neutral, therefore the number of electrons of this element would be 109+1=110.
A person instinctively curls over his abdominal area in times of danger. Why? To prevent a smaller target and also to protect the internal organs and genitalia.