Answer:
Explanation:
A typical leaf has three main layers. ... Some arid-climate plants are able to conserve water because of their reduced leaf size. Less leaf surface area results in reduced water loss through the epidermis. Small leaves have fewer stomata than larger leaves, and that adaptation also reduces water los
The first question is the first option (4 haploid cells; 2 diploid cells).
The second question is the first option also (nitrogen).
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Answer
The worm gets coated with antibodies, which activate other cells in the immune system to secrete chemicals that kill it.
Explanation:
Production of T-helper I cytokines like IFN gamma, IL-2 and IL-18 is highly protective against helminth infection by activating the macrophage intracellular killers. Protection against mucosal eosinophil responses in which antiparasitic chemicals are released. Killing also involves direct cytotoxic mechanisms in which T- cell and NK-cells directly release antiparasitic agents like perforin and granulysin which kill the parasite.
This indicates a possible problem with the ribosome of the cell. Ribosomes in cells are responsible for translation the genetic codes in mRNA to appropriate proteins with the help of tRNA. mRNA, rRNA, tRNA and ribosome work together during protein synthesis to produce chains of amino acids that are linked together by polypeptide bonds.
