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crimeas [40]
3 years ago
9

When a person needs a gradual increase in the amount of a psychoactive drug to produce the desired effect, _____ has occurred.

Biology
1 answer:
Llana [10]3 years ago
5 0

drug tollerance

When a person needs a gradual increase in the amount of a psychoactive drug to produce the desired effect, drug tollerance has occurred.

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From a chemical view, how is an amino acid is being recognized by its specific aminoacyl tRNA synthetase?
hammer [34]

During translation, rRNA and tRNA read mRNA in 5´ to 3´ direction. According to the codons being readen, tRNA transfers the correct amino acids to build the polypeptide chain. A codon is a short sequence of three nucleotides that store the genetic information for the aminoacids´ assembly.

Each tRNA has two important sites. One of them that couples with the codon of the mRNA molecule, named anticodon. The other site couples with an amino acid through the action of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthase enzyme. The whole complex, amino acid + enzyme + tRNA is named aminoacyl-tRNA.        

Each tRNA is recognized by a specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthase enzyme. The enzyme is also capable of recognizing a specific amino acid. Let us say, for instance, that <em>tRNA is specific for phenylalanine.</em> The molecule is attached to the <em>enzyme that is specific for that tRNA(Phe)</em>. Then, when the enzyme and tRNA(Phe) are together, they get to <em>find phenylalanine</em>. The <em>enzyme links the aminoacid to the RNA</em>. Once the whole complex is formed, the <em>tRNA gets to pair its anticodon with the mRNA codon</em>. This is,

  1. Recognition of enzyme and the specific tRNA(aa) ⇒ aa being aminoacid
  2. Recognition of enzyme and the specific aminoacid
  3. Linkage of the aminoacid to RNA by the enzyme action
  4. Pairing of tRNA anticodon to mRNA codon.

Considering that there are twenty amino acids available, there are also twenty complexes of aminoacyl-tRNA, one for each amino acid. Each of the mRNA codons represents one of the 20 amino acids used to build the protein. Each amino acid can be codified by more than one codon. Of the total 64 codons, 61 codify amino acids, and one is a start codon. The left three codons are stopping translation points.

tRNA decodes genetic information from the nucleotidic sequence in the mRNA molecule and allows amino acids to align composing the new protein.  

Once the new peptidic link joins, placing together the new amino acid to the growing peptidic chain, the binding between the amino acid and the tRNA molecule breaks. The tRNA is now free to join another amino acid and repeat the cycle.

In conclusion, a specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthase enzyme recognizes a tRNA, which is also specific for a certain amino acid. When together, the enzyme recognizes the amino acid and links it to the RNA. The whole complex is known as aminoacyl-tRNA. Once the tRNA is joined to its amino acid, it gets to pair a codon of mRNA to add that amino acid to the new synthesizing protein.

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3 years ago
Metamorphic rocks can be formed by
dezoksy [38]
Metamorphic rocks can be formed by <span>all three types of rocks, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic</span>
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The mantle is always solid. True or false?
zubka84 [21]

Answer:

It is predominantly solid but in geological time it behaved as a viscous fluid.

Explanation:

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Predict what might be the result if the cornea was damaged
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Might go blind because the cornea is in the wye
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According to theories concerning the origin of life, the atom shown is a likely choice for the basic element of all livings thin
AlladinOne [14]
Atom is the basic element of all living things because it's small. It is the smallest constituent unit of matter which has the properties of a chemical element. They are very small. Sizes are about 100 or 100, 000 fm. They are unstable. They are composed of a nucleus and electrons.
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