Answer:
Antibodies have three main functions: 1) Antibodies are secreted into the blood and mucosa, where they bind to and inactivate foreign substances such as pathogens and toxins (neutralization). 2) Antibodies activate the complement system to destroy bacterial cells by lysis (punching holes in the cell wall).
Answer:
He would need to cross one homzygous red (RR) and homzygous white (rr)
Explanation:
Flower color in snapdragons is controlled by a gene whose alleles exhibits incomplete dominance. The allele for red coloration (R) is incompletely dominant over the allele for white coloration (r). The intermediate phenotype that is produced in an heterozygous state (Rr) is PINK.
According to this question, a botanist wanted to produce a generation of snapdragons that all had pink flowers (Rr). This means that in order to do this, the botanist would need to cross a red snapdragon plant (RR) and a white snapdragon plant (rr) to produce an 100% Pink (Rr) snapdragon in the F1 generation.
Answer:
- allows fuels to burn forms
- is the gas that animals breathe
- forms ozone that absorbs the Sun's harmful rays
Explanation:
Oxygen is a powerful oxidizer (oxidizing agent or oxidant) that burns the fossil fuel, reacts with carbon, and produce CO2/CO. Although, it is not a sole oxidizer available on Earth but 99.9% of combustion reactions takes place in the presence of oxygen. It does the job by accepting electrons very fast in its valence shell.
Animals use oxygen to breath which produces ATPs through a series of chemical reactions particularly in electron transport chain. Again, it acts as a oxidizer and accepts electron in the electron transport chain. This gradient of electron flow is necessary for ATP production. In the end, water and CO2 are produced with ATPs.
Oxygen molecules in the stratosphere reacts with solar radiation (UV) and produce oxygen atoms. Thereon, each atom reacts further with the oxygen molecule to produce ozone. Ozone layer acts as a shield and doesn't allow penetration of harmful rays to the biosphere where living organisms are present.
Hot and Dry
Hot and dry deserts, such as the Sonoran Desert
of Arizona and northwestern Mexico, are warm year-round with an extreme
range of diurnal (daily) temperatures because of low humidity. Brief but
heavy storms may occur seasonally. Soil is hard and rocky. Burrowing
mammals, insects and reptiles are the main fauna. The Great Sandy Desert
of Australia and the Sahara of north Africa fall under this category.
Semi-Arid
Semi-arid
deserts, such as the Great Basin of Nevada and western Utah, have long
dry summers plus winter rainfall. Dew fall may exceed rainfall. Soil is
sandy and rocky, and may include “caliche” (pans of calcium carbonate).
Fauna is consistent with hot and dry deserts.
Answer: the 214bp fragment
Explanation:
The agarose gel electrophoresis allows for the separation of DNA frame based on their sizes. Smaller fragments of DNA move through the gel more faster and thus move farther as compared with the larger fragments that moves slower and travel a shorter distance.