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Lostsunrise [7]
2 years ago
9

8. When a 2.5 mol of sugar (C12H22O11) are added to a certain amount of water the boiling point is raised by 1 Celsius degree. I

f 2.5 mol of aluminum nitrate is added to the same amount of water, by how much will the boiling point be changed? Show all calculations leading to your answer OR use 3 – 4 sentences to explain your answer.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Tamiku [17]2 years ago
6 0

Answer:

The boiling point of the water by adding 2.5 moles of aluminium nitrate will be changed by 4° C.

Explanation:

<u>Step 1:</u> define the formula for an elevation of the boiling point

<u><em>Δ T b  = i *K b *bB</em></u>

⇒with Δ T b = the elevation of the boiling point ( in °C or Kelvin)

⇒with i = van't Hoff  i -factor for the solute. The factor i shows the number of individual particles (typically ions) that are formed by a compound in the solution.

⇒ with Kb = ebullioscopic constant, which depends on the properties of the solvent. (Eventually can be calculated).

⇒ with bB= the molal concentration (molality) of the solute.

Since we have 2 different solutions ( component 1 = sugar and component 2 = aluminium nitrate) of the same molality in the same solvent ( water). We can express this as followed:

Δ T b,2 / Δ T b,1  = (i2 * Kb * bB ) / (i1 * Kb *bB)

⇒after he was simplifying this becomes:

Δ T b,2 / Δ T b,1  = i2 / i1

⇒ Now we can isolate either Δ T b,2 or Δ T b,1:

Δ T b,2  =(i2/i1) x Δ T b,1

<u>Sugar</u>

⇒ is a covalent compound, so it doesn't dissociate in water ⇔ i1=1

<u>Aluminium nitrate</u>

⇒ it's a soluble ionic compound and in solution it will dissociate as the following equation:

Al(NO3)3 (aq) → Al3+(aq)  + 3NO3- (aq)

⇒thus here are 4 particels formed : <u>1</u> Al3+ + <u>3</u>NO3-

i2=4

As given, we also know that the temperature was raised by 1°C after adding sugar ⇒ Δ T b,1 = 1°C

<u>Step 2</u>: insert all the numbers in the formula for boiling point elevation

(i2/i1) x Δ T b,1

(4/1 ) x 1°C = 4°C

⇒ The boiling point of the water by adding 2.5 moles of aluminium nitrate will be changed by 4°C

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